Primary Energy

Metrics Matter: Accurately Defining Energy Efficiency in Desalination
Energy cost contributes a large portion of the overall cost of desalinated water. Improving the energy efficiency of desalination …
Andrew T. Bouma, Jaichander Swaminathan, John Lienhard
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Primary Energy and Exergy of Desalination Technologies in a Power-Water Cogeneration Scheme
The primary energy consumption of a spectrum of desalination systems is assessed using operating information and technical bids for …
Thomas Altmann, Justin Robert, Andrew Bouma, Jaichander Swaminathan, John H. Lienhard
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